Dec 26, 2012 egypt s controversial new constitution has been signed into law by president mohammed morsi, a day after he announced it had been approved by a large majority in a referendum that his opponents. Individual freedom is a natural right not subject to violation except in cases of flagrante delicto. Islam is the state religion and arabic the official language. Constitution of the arab republic of egypt 2014 wipo. Egyptian constitutions date back to 1923, 1956, 1958 provisional, 1964 provisional, and 1971 significantly amended in 1980.
Tracking egypts islamic identity in the constitution al. Constitution arabic the arabic version of the egyptian constitution, including amendments made in 2005. This article focuses on womens rights in the egyptian constitution, in light of the. We, the people of egypt, in the name and with the assistance of god, the most merciful and gracious, this is our constitution, the document of the january 25 revolution, the revolution which was initiated by our youth, which our people rallied around, and which the armed forces sided with. Adopted on september 11, 1971 through a public referendum. Egypt has operated under several constitutions, both as a monarchy and, after 1952, as a republic. The role of parliament in the egyptian constitution amazon s3. During the first phase, the regime tasked a committee of ten legal experts with drafting a list of constitutional amendments. This document has been recompiled and reformatted using texts collected in international ideas constitutionnet. It is prohibited to combine between the membership of the. The egyptian people are described as an integral part of the arab nation.
Mohamed morsi signs egypts new constitution into law world. The challenge facing postrevolution egypt is to draft a new constitution which meets. Perspectives on egypts 2014 constitution in custodia legis. Inserting womens rights in the egyptian constitution. Article 2 of the 1971 constitution stated that islam is the state religion, and arabic is its official language, but also adds. The 1923 egyptian constitution linkedin slideshare. Hereby issues the amendment of the constitution of the arab republic of egypt according to what has been agreed upon at the referendum, to be put into effect as. The first and most liberal of these was the 1923 constitution, which was promulgated just after britain declared egypts independence.
Prior to the 1952 revolution, egypt was a constitutional monarchy. This revolution resulted in the february 28, 1922 declaration which recognized egypt as an independent state and terminated egypt as a british protectorate. A promise napoli trumpet solo pdf of a new dawn worthy of egypts history and civilization, the. Article 3 egyptians shall be equal before the law in enjoying civil and political rights, and in public duties and. The following is a guest post by george sadek, senior legal research analyst at the law library of congress last month, a new egyptian constitution was approved in a popular referendum held on january 1415. Media in category 1923 in egypt the following 8 files are in this category, out of 8 total. The constitution of 1923 was a constitution of egypt from 19231952. For countries with previous constitutions, the years are listed. In order to support the forthcoming work of the drafters, article 19 has produced a comprehensive policy brief outlining how the new constitution should protect the right to freedom of expression and freedom of information. This is our constitution egypt is the gift of the nile and the gift of egyptians to humanity. New york the final draft of a constitution approved on november 29, 2012, by egypts 100member constituent assembly protects some rights but. Nov 30, 2012 egypts pioneering intellectual and cultural leadership is an embodiment of its soft power, and a model of the free generosity of original creators and thinkers, universities, science centers, linguistic and research centers, the press, the arts, literature and mass media, the national church, and alazhar with its history as a mainstay of.
Egyptian revolution and several years before the 1923 egyptian constitution. Egypt to vote on new constitution in effort to avert morsi crisis in egypts draft constitution, little sign of revolutionary ideals egypts constitution. In march, elsayed elbadawi, the head of the wafd party egypts oldest political party said that amending the constitution to extend the presidents term is a very bad step. The constitution of the arab republic of egypt after the.
It is the meeting point of its civilizations and cultures and the this is egypt, an immortal homeland to egyptians, and a message of peace and love to. Comparing three versions of the egyptian constitution. Mohamed morsi signs egypts new constitution into law. A woman in cairo casts her vote on egypts new constitution, jan. The law library of congress holds the official gazette of egypt, which contains the official versions of the egyptian constitution of 1923, the egyptian constitution of 1956, the egyptian provisional constitution of 1964, the egyptian constitution of 1971, the 2005 amendments to the egyptian constitution of 1971, the constitutional declaration. Constitution of egypt constitution, egypt britannica. Pdf inserting womens rights in the egyptian constitution. The first three articles of the constitution proclaim egypt a sovereign independent arab state and a democratic republic, with sovereignty inherent in the nation, islam the state religion, and arabic the official language.
Egypts controversial new constitution has been signed into law by president mohammed morsi, a day after he announced it had been approved by a. We, the people of egypt, who have been toiling on this glorious land since the dawn of history and civilization, we the people working in egypts villages, fields, cities, factories, centers of education and industry in any field of work which contributes to. Early modern constitutionalism in egypt and iran escholarship. And also covered the issues of rights andpublic freedoms, also addressed variousissues addressed in modern constitutions,and it calculates for the 1923. Calls for constitutional amendment to extend egypts. Egypts constitutions from their original arabic into english aids in. It is prohibited to combine between the membership of the government and the. It was replaced by the constitution of 1930 for a 5year period 19301935 before being restored in 1935. A panel charged with amending egypts constitution is.
On the rights and duties of egyptians article 2 egyptian nationality shall be determined by law. Nov 30, 2012 egypt to vote on new constitution in effort to avert morsi crisis in egypt s draft constitution, little sign of revolutionary ideals egypt s constitution. With its unique location and history, egypt is the arab heart of the world. Oct 31, 2012 the constitution was issued by royaldecree no. Following the removal of then president mohamed morsi from office on july 3, egypt s militarybacked government began a twophase process of creating a new constitution. Articles that mention the relationship between islam and egypt go back to 1923, the year egyptians had their first real constitution. Hereby issues the amendment of the constitution of the arab republic of egypt according to what has been agreed upon at the referendum, to be put into effect as of the date the results of the referendum were announced. Egypts recently finalised draft charter introduced a large number of new articles to, as well as omitted others from, the controversial 2012 constitution predominantly drafted by the islamist. The 2014 egyptian constitution zurich open repository and archive. Public consultations leading to the referendum were selective and weak. The first egyptian constitution was issued in 1923, and is often considered to be an. Perspectives on egypts 2014 constitution in custodia. Cancellation of the constitution in any case, the 1923 constitution has laid the groundwork for an era of liberal features in egypt, and extended its impact on society. It adopted the parliamentary representative system based on separation of and cooperation among authorities.
Omar ashour says that while egypts 2012 draft constitution is the least authoritarian one the country has ever had, it is far from perfect. Protesters demand changes to egypts constitution a new barrier to political change in egypt has emerged, and its the countrys constitution. After the merger, the 1956 constitution was abolished and replaced by a provisional. The new constitution of egypt is on the verge of being drafted. Votes are counted in the first round of egypts controversial referendum on a new constitution, amid claims of irregularities and isolated incidents of violence. It is an unofficial translation prepared by international idea. Blessed with a unique location and history, the arab nation of egypt is the heart of. The peoples assembly nominates the president who is confirmed by popular referendum for a. The head of the supreme national electoral commission, chief justice nabil saleeb, announced the results of the referendum on january 18 and stated that the voter turnout was 38. The 1923 egyptian constitution was the first democratic constitution in egypt, the first pillar of the nascent parliamentary system, and an important step on the path toward political and constitutional consolidationin short, the 1923 constitution ushered egypt into a new historical era. The proposed changes to egypts constitution al jazeera. Egyptian works that are currently in the public domain in the united states are those whose had expired in egypt on the u.
The history subfield includes the dates of previous constitutions and the main steps and dates in formulating and implementing the latest constitution. They have equal public rights and duties without discrimination due to sex, ethnic origin, language, religion or creed. Representative life in egypt before the 1923 constitution. Right after the revolution in 2011, which ended thirty years of repression and dictatorship under the regime of expresident hosni mubarak, egyptians found themselves with the serious challenge of electing a new president and building a new egypt. Blessed with a unique location and history, the arab nation of egypt is the heart of the whole world. Joining jewish, catholic, maronite, and other ethnic immigrants. Finally, the constitution of 19 april 1923 the spiritual father of the egyptian constitutions. A read is counted each time someone views a publication summary such as the title, abstract, and list of authors, clicks on a figure, or views or downloads the fulltext. This is our constitution, egypt is the gift of the nile for egyptians and the gift of egyptians. This paper focuses on the issue of representation of. Dec 07, 2019 a few countries including canada, israel, and the uk have no single constitution document, but have various written and unwritten acts, statutes, common laws, and practices that, when taken together, describe a body of fundamental principles or established precedents as to how their countries are governed. The constitution provides for a 454member unicameral legislature peoples assembly, elected by universal suffrage for a five year term, with 10 deputies appointed directly by the president. Download pdf this document is the 1923 constitution of egypt issued by the royal decree no.
Egypt and the sudan the explicit subjects of the 1923 constitution. Pdf this article focuses on womens rights in the egyptian constitution. Egypts pioneering intellectual and cultural leadership is an embodiment of its soft power, and a model of the free generosity of original creators and thinkers, universities, science centers, linguistic and research centers, the press, the arts, literature and mass media, the national church, and alazhar with its history as a mainstay of. Elections in the following year sweep wafd into power with zaghlul as prime minister.
After the end of world war i, the 1919 egyptian revolution broke out calling for liberty, independence and democracy. Translations of modern egypts constitutions digitalcommons. The current constitution declares egypt to be a democratic, socialist state and the egyptian people to be part of the arab nation. Dec 21, 2012 omar ashour says that while egypts 2012 draft constitution is the least authoritarian one the country has ever had, it is far from perfect. The 1923 constitution, which followed the declaration of the end of the british protectorate, stated that egypt was an independent sovereign islamic state with arabic as its language and provided for a representative parliament. Egypt is going through the early phases of the throes of democratization. This project seeks to find whether or not translating egypts 1923, 1956, and 1971.
Egyptians shall be equal before the law in enjoying civil and political rights, and in public duties and. Egypts draft constitution translated egypt independent. Egypts government services portal laws and constitution. The first 20th century constitution for egypt is that of 1923. A constitution providing for parliamentary government is introduced in 1923. Indepth analysis of the main elements of the new constitution abstract despite cautious liberalisation in a few limited areas, egypts new constitution of january 2014 does not represent a new democratic departure. Egypts government services portal egypt constitution. The constitution of 1923 was a constitution of egypt from 1923 1952. The constitution of egypt has passed over a long period of evolution from the liberal constitution of 1923 to the contemporary constitution. One of the partys main principles, the demand for the merging of egypt and the sudan, guarantees friction with the british government.